Critically discuss the the extend to which attitudes towards the Essay

Critically discuss the the extend to which attitudes towards the mentally ill improved during the nineteenth century - Essay Example This responsibility slowly occurred during the early and mid-1800s. This new treatment of psychologically unstable patients marked the beginning of a new recognition that irregular psychological states and behaviour patterns were the outcomes of possibly treatable illnesses. The following paper critically discusses the degree to which attitudes towards the mentally ill improved in the nineteenth century UK. To understand this degree, the paper will begin by briefly discussing the attitude of the UK health industry and society towards the mentally ill several decades before 1800. The 1800s saw the slow emergence of a humane attitude towards the mentally unstable, but geographic and institutional separation would persist in the treatment of mental disorders. Before the nineteenth century, the United Kingdom health department, together with society, did not take psychological illnesses seriously. Before the deployment of ‘mad doctors,’ there were no medical facilities for the mentally ill. As a result, doctors often isolated a psychologically unstable patient from the rest by ensuring the patient was homebound.1 Another indication of the unserious treatment of mentally unstable patients was their relatives’ denial of the illness. Physicians who recommended mentally ill patients to remain at home often fuelled this denial by family members. In spite of a more compassionate attitude called ‘moral treatment’ having arisen between 1790 and 1800, the entire UK health department was far from treating the mentally ill morally.2 The construction of asylums did not assist in improving this attitude either. Instead, asylums simply showed society that the government had recognised mental problems as treatable issues , but not through conventional methods. The main purpose of moral treatment was to diminish external, bodily coercion, which was not evident until the onset of the

Software Quality Development Plan for a Hospital :: software industry, risk management

1. Introduction:- The development of good quality software is very important factor in software industry . Medical software of medical devices with embedded software and decision support system can have great affect on the supply of patient care . A good quality software with poor management practices will never give very good quality of services. Hospital industry and telecom industry are facing challenges in terms of managing software . There have lots of reasons behind this activity . Main reasons are size , complexity of practices , management and comply to change. Depending upon the quality of the software systems, the accuracy of data and consequently of information are determined . There are a number of major and minor systems placed in Irish hospitals , where patients clinicians , nursing , it , administration , data entry personnel , researchers , governing bodies , and external auditors have different expectations understanding and requirements . The use of MS Access allows staff with little experience or knowledge of data quality techniques to collect data which is used for crucial decision making process along the patient journey . I will discuss an implementation of a software quality plan for Irish hospitals through the use of recognised healthcare and software quality models and standards in this essay.

Macbeth: Victim or Villan

Macbeth: Victim or Villain William Shakepear’s Macbeth is a tragedy that contains a perfect example of how lust for power can twist one’s thoughts, emotions, and personality. Even the noblest human being can become malicious when faced with the opportunity to gain power. Macbeth, the play’s protagonist, comes face to face with this exact dilemma, causing him to transform from a valiant war hero into a murderous villain. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth’s future is foretold by three witches. The first prediction is stated by the first witch saying, â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Glamis† (I. ii. 48)! Thane of Glamis was already Macbeth’s title; therefore the first witch is correct. The second witch predicts that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor. Immediately after the witches disappear, a message comes for Macbeth saying that he will now be the Thane of Cawdor as a result of the preceding Thane’s act of treason. The final prediction made by the witches was that Macbeth would be â€Å"†¦King hereafter† (I. iii. 50. ). At first, Macbeth dismisses the predictions, but because the first two predictions from the witches are correct, Macbeth concludes that the third must be true as well. The prospect of gaining power as king appeals to Macbeth, but he does not yet know how he will become king. Macbeth decides to take matters into his own hands, creating a plot to kill the current King of Scotland, thereby speeding up the time between now and Macbeth’s coronation. The witches’ predictions have already taken root in his brain and, by dwelling on them, Macbeth allows his evil thoughts to grow and flourish. This causes him to carry out his evil deeds along with his wife, Lady Macbeth, who has also become lethal in the pursuit of power. After realizing that he can make himself king, Macbeth concocts a plan to kill Duncan, the present King. Macbeth and his wife decide to kill Duncan when he comes, as a guest, to their castle. At this point, Macbeth can easily change his mind and allow the future to take its course without his interference, but instead, his decision to kill Duncan remains. After murdering Duncan, Macbeth feels a wave of guilt. As the play goes on, Macbeth’s conscience begins to become numb to the idea of taking the life of someone else. The next major character in the story that is killed is Banquo. In the play, Banquo is also given a prediction by the witches: â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none† (I. iii. 67. ). This means that although Banquo is not king, his descendants will be. Macbeth realizes that this may be a problem later on and it may interfere with him being king. Banquo is also suspicious about how Macbeth is able to become king. He says â€Å"Thou hast is now: King, Cawdor, Glamis, all, / As the weird women promised, and I fear / thou play’dst most foully for ‘t† (III. i. 1-3). With the prospect of Banquo’s descendants becoming king and the possibility that Banquo is suspicious of how he became king, Macbeth decides that Banquo and Banquo’s son, Fleance, must be exterminated. Macbeth hires murderers to kill the two of them as they both go horseback riding. Though Banquo is a close friend of Macbeth, this does not stop him from murdering both Banquo and Banquo’s son in Macbeth’s quest for power. Subsequently, Macbeth returns to the witches to get more information about his future. Macbeth is so concerned about keeping his crown that he willingly goes to the witches so he can figure out which action to take next in order to maintain his power. While there, he is given four more predictions in the form of apparitions. The first apparition, which is an armored head, says â€Å"Beware Macduff! Beware the Thane of Fife† (IV. i. 71-72. ). This apparition means that Macbeth should be wary of Macduff because he somehow poses a threat to Macbeth. Macbeth refuses to allow Macduff to be the one that ends Macbeth’s rule as king. Without a second thought Macbeth hires murderers to go to Macbeth’s castle and kill everyone there, but what Macbeth does not know is that Macduff is not in his castle. Macduff is in Engla nd convincing Malcom, Duncan’s son, to send an army to Dunsinain. This is the same army that ultimately leads to Macbeth’s doom. This means that Macbeth has killed the innocent people in Macbeth’s castle for nothing. Macbeth has multiple opportunities to change his mind about his pursuit of the crown, but he still chooses to kill innocent people for his own selfish gain. Macbeth’s judgment is repetitively clouded by his quest for power throughout the novel. His apathy towards his murderous ways makes him a villain in the play. His identity changes from a war hero to a bloodthirsty tyrant. This shows that anyone is capable of becoming evil when given the right motive.

The Berlin Wall in the History of Germany Free Essay Example, 5250 words

The chancellor of West Germany, Konrad Adenauer urged restraint and calm and in a broadcast marked that even though they had been forcibly blocked from the Germans of the East Berlin, they continue to be our brethren and the Federal Government still held German unity central to its agenda. Protests from the international community emerged as a result of this inconclusive and abrupt decision to block one side of the city from the other. A foreign office spokesman from London called the restrictions a violation of the four-tier power status of Berlin and hence illegal. The then American secretary of state, Dean Rusk, deemed the impasse a flagrant violation of East-West Agreements and warned of protests demonstrations in Russia too. Generally speaking, the reaction of the allies was not as intense and largely moderate. This was because despite the blockade American policy fit the bill with regards to Berlin. The NATO troops were not disrupted and Berlin continued to be freely accessib le. Post 23rd August of 1961, inhabitants of West Berlin weren t allowed to enter East Berlin either and this was followed by complete cum forced evacuation of houses on the borders of West Berlin began. We will write a custom essay sample on The Berlin Wall in the History of Germany or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page A concrete tube lay on top of the wall and enveloped the entire structure. Anyone found in that part of the layout would be shot dead without any prior warning. The wall was constructed after a lot of insight and in-depth planning. A trench was built that immediately followed and it aimed at obstructing the path of vehicles that dared to break in. other precautionary measures included a patrolling truck at all times, watchdogs across the corridors and even a second wall.